2型糖尿病并发大血管病变的危险因素分析与自我管理

探讨2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的相关危险致病因素, 以期指导制定自我管理方案. 采用回顾性病例-对照研究方法, 选2型糖尿病患者85例, 根据是否合并大血管病变, 分为单纯2型糖尿病组(T2DM组, n=41)及合并大血管病变组(T2DM+MV组, n=44), 选同期的40例非糖尿病患者作为对照, 比较各组患者的一般资料及入院时的血压、血清镁、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血脂水平等参数. 结果表明 糖尿病病程(比值比(OR)=1.268, 95%置信区间(CI) 1.076~1.496)、空腹血糖(OR=2.147, 95% CI 1.167~3.949)及糖化血红蛋白水平(OR=4.936, 95% CI 1.575~15.470)是2型糖尿病患者并发大血管病变的独立危险因素, 而血清镁水平则是独立保护性因素(OR=0.001, 95% CI 0.000~0.014). 同时表明, 在2型糖尿病早期自我管理中, 积极控制血糖及维持血清镁在较高水平是预防大血管病变的有效途径.     

Transmission of macroeconomic shocks to risk parameters: Their uses in stress testing

In this paper, we are interested in evaluating the resilience of financial portfolios under extreme economic conditions. Therefore, we use empirical measures to characterize the transmission process of macroeconomic shocks to risk parameters. We propose the use of an extensive family of models, called General Transfer Function Models, which condense well the characteristics of the transmission described by the impact measures. The procedure for estimating the parameters of these models is described employing the Bayesian approach and using the prior information provided by the impact measures. In addition, we illustrate the use of the estimated models from the credit risk data of a portfolio.     

化学实验操作技能测试评分者效应研究*

基于Rasch模型对化学实验操作技能测试的评分者效应开展研究。通过对Infit、Outfit、t、怀特图和宽严度波动图等的分析,研究测试中评委的宽严度、内部一致性、外部一致性以及评委与考生间的偏差规律。得到系列减弱化学实验操作技能测试中评分者效应的建议。     

基于贝叶斯网络的船舶港口国监督检查滞留风险研究

针对港口国监督(Port State Control, PSC)检查的复杂性和不确定性, 基于贝叶斯网络理论构建船舶PSC检查滞留风险分析模型. 以东京备忘录(Tokyo MOU)中2014~2017年船舶PSC检查样本数据为基础, 运用R语言bnlearn包进行贝叶斯网络的结构及参数学习. 同时分别执行贝叶斯网络的正向、逆向推理, 定量表示各风险因素与滞留结果之间的相互作用关系, 找出导致船舶滞留的高风险因素, 实现不确定环境下船舶PSC检查滞留风险的全面动态分析. 实证表明, 模型具有较高的精确度, 可为检查人员的滞留决策及航运公司的安全风险管理提供有效依据.     

Determination,residue and risk assessment of trifloxystrobin,trifloxystrobin acid and tebuconazole in Chinese rice consumption

A simple and rapid analytical method for the detection of trifloxystrobin, trifloxystrobin acid and tebuconazole in soil, brown rice, paddy plants and rice hulls was established and validated by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Acceptable linearity (R² > 0.99), accuracy (average recoveries of 74.3–108.5%) and precision (intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of 0.9–8.8%) were obtained using the developed determination approach. In the field trial, the half-lives of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in paddy plants were 5.7–8.3 days in three locations throughout China, and the terminal residue concentrations of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole were <100 and 500 μg/kg (maximum residue limits set by China), respectively, at harvest, which indicated that, based on the recommended application procedure, trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole are safe for use on rice. The risk assessment results demonstrated that, owing to risk quotient values of both fungicides being <100%, the potential risk of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole on rice was acceptable for Chinese consumers. These data could provide supporting information for the proper use and safety evaluation of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole in rice.     

Enhanced Operational Durability of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence-Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with a Triazine Electron Transporter

In organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on materials that show thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), the internal quantum efficiency of 100 % can be obtained without using phosphorescence-based organometallics that contain rare metals. Therefore, with TADF-based emitters, it is possible to fabricate high-performing OLEDs at a lower cost. However, compared with fluorescence- and phosphorescence-based OLEDs, an understanding of degradation mechanisms in TADF-based OLEDs is still insufficient for future commercialization. In particular, it is widely recognized that the development of electron transport materials is crucial for improving OLED characteristics, especially driving voltages and operational durability. In this study, it was demonstrated that the operational durability of TADF-based OLEDs was greatly improved by introducing a triazine-based material of 2,4,6-tris(1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl)-[1,3,5]triazine (pT2T) as a hole-blocking layer (HBL) compared with a conventional HBL material of 2,4,6-tris(biphenyl-3-yl)-[1,3,5]triazine (T2T). Several experiments were carried out to make the reasons of the improved durability clearer, and attributed the improved durability to the shift of a carrier recombination zone from the emitting layer/HBL interface and the suppressed formation of excited-state quenchers in the pT2T HBL, because of the higher electron mobility of pT2T and the better stability of its radical anion state.     

基于Aspen Plus耦合生命周期评价的科研案例在环境工程原理教学中的应用

将化工流程模拟Aspen Plus软件与环境影响评估领域常用的生命周期评价(LCA)进行集成应用,围绕环境工程原理教学中有关化工过程质量能量衡算与环境污染防治内容的协同应用与拓展,构建化工流程模拟-环境风险评估科研案例“苯酐生产流程模拟及环境风险研究”,并将其作为环境工程原理的综合教学案例。教学实践经验表明,通过引入工程相关综合教学案例,不仅使得抽象的理论知识更加生动具体,而且在深化学生对课程理论知识理解的同时,提高学生应用专业知识分析和解决化工生产环境污染工程问题的综合能力和素质,为学生将来步入相关领域工作奠定扎实的基础。     

Atheroprotective potentials of curcuminoids against ginger extract in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits

The anti-atherogenic potentials of total ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract (TGE) or curcuminoids extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa), members of family Zingiberaceae, were compared in hypercholesterolaemia. Rabbits were fed either normal or atherogenic diet. The rabbits on atherogenic diet received treatments with TGE or curcumenoids and placebo concurrently for 6 weeks (n = 6). The anti-atherogenic effects of curcuminoids and ginger are mediated via multiple mechanisms. This effect was correlated with their ability to lower cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. Ginger extract exerted preferential effects on plasma lipids, reverse cholesterol transport, cholesterol synthesis and inflammatory status. Curcuminoids, however, showed superior antioxidant activity.     

云南东川区域重金属环境暴露健康风险评价

以云南省昆明市东川主要河流及附近土壤、植物为研究对象,对其进行采样分析,并根据美国环境保护署(U.S.EPA)推荐健康风险评价方法对东川流域多种环境因素进行了重金属的健康风险评价。结果表明,水环境中致癌物质造成的风险最大,风险值在2.35×10^(-4)~8.27×10^(-4),达到U.S.EPA推荐的最大值10^(-4),植物根部的健康风险值为0.40×10^(-1)~7.00×10^(-1),茎叶部分的风险值为2.42×10^(-2)~15.24×10^(-2),根部存在的重金属对人体的健康风险约为茎叶部分的5倍;土壤中非致癌物质的健康风险影响较大,总健康风险值区间为0.64×10^(-1)~3.83×10^(-1)。评价结果可为该区域地表水、土壤和植物资源的污染治理、保护开发提供依据。